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Longitudinal HIV Risk Behavior Among the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies…
Longitudinal trajectories for HIV risk were examined over 5 years following treatment among 1,393 patients who participated in the nationwide Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies. Both injection drug use and sexual risk behavior declined over time, with most of the decline occurring between intake and the first-year follow-up. However, results of the application of growth mixture models for bot…
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- Vol. 32, No. 1, February 2008. Page 83-112
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Nine-Year Psychiatric Trajectories and Substance Use Outcomes: An Application…
This study identifies longitudinal psychiatric trajectories of 934 adult individuals entering chemical dependency treatment in a private, managed care health plan and examines the relationship of these trajectories with substance use (SU) outcomes. The authors apply a group-based modeling approach to identify trajectory groups based on repeated measures of psychiatric severity for 9 years and i…
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- Vol. 32, No. 1, February 2008. Page 39-58
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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The Interaction of Co-Occurring Mental Disorders and Recovery Management Chec…
This article examines the effectiveness of quarterly Recovery Management Checkups (RMCs) for people with substance disorders by level of co-occurring mental disorders (34% none, 27% internalizing disorders, and 39% internalizing and externalizing) across two randomized experiments with 92% to 97% follow-up. The 865 participants are 82% African American, 53% female, and age 37 on average. …
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- Vol. 32, No. 1, February 2008. Page 7 - 38
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Designing a Household Survey to Address Seasonality in Child Care Arrangements
In household telephone surveys, a long field period may be required to maximize the response rate and achieve adequate sample sizes. However, long field periods can be problematic when measures of seasonally affected behavior are sought. Surveys of child care use are one example because child care arrangements vary by season. Options include varying the questions posed about school-year and sum…
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- Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2008. Page 216-233
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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The Truncation-by-Death Problem: What To Do in an Experimental Evaluation Whe…
Although experiments are viewed as the gold standard for evaluation, some of their benefits may be lost when, as is common, outcomes are not defined for some sample members. In evaluations of marriage interventions, for example, a key outcome—relationship quality—is undefined when a couple splits up. This article shows how treatment-control differences in mean outcomes can be misleadi…
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- Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2008. Page 157-186
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Mixed Results in a Transitional Planning Program for Alternative School Students
Disciplinary alternative schools have a reputation as gateways to the juvenile and criminal justice systems. The authors conducted an evaluation of an intervention (Strategies for Success) designed to divert seventh-, eighth-, and ninth-grade alternative school students from this gateway. They used propensity score matching and a multivariate random effects model to estimate program impacts and…
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- Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2008. Page 187-215
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Using an Empirical Binomial Hierarchical Bayesian Model as an Alternative to …
This article explores the statistical methodologies used in demonstration and effectiveness studies when the treatments are applied across multiple settings. The importance of evaluating and how to evaluate these types of studies are discussed. As an alternative to standard methodology, the authors of this article offer an empirical binomial hierarchical Bayesian model as a way to effectively e…
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- Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2008. Page 143-156
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Mental Health and Firearms in Community-Based Surveys: Implications for Suici…
Suicide rates are higher among those who own or live in a household with a hand gun. This article examines the association between hand gun ownership and mental health, another risk factor for suicide. Data from the General Social Survey, a series of surveys of U.S. adults, are analyzed to compare general emotional and mental health, sadness and depression, functional mental health, and mental …
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- Vol. 32, No. 3, June 2008. Page 239-256
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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The Impact of Child Obesity on Active Parental Consent in School-Based Survey…
Previous studies have shown that active consent procedures result in sampling bias in surveys dealing with adolescent risk behaviors such as cigarette smoking and illicit drug use. To examine sampling bias from active consent procedures when the survey topic pertains to childhood obesity and associated health behaviors, the authors pair data obtained from both active and passive consent p…
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- Vol. 32, No. 3, June 2008. Page 298-312
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Rates of Missing Responses in Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) Versus Paper A…
This article describes rates of missing item responses in personal digital assistant (PDA) assessments as compared to paper assessments. Data come from the evaluation of a classroom-based leisure, life skills, and sexuality education program delivered to high school students in Cape Town, South Africa. Analyses show that the paper assessments had much higher rates of missing-ness than PDA a…
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- Vol. 32, No. 3, June 2008. Page 257-272
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Tightening Income Documentation in a Means-Tested Program: Who Stays Away?
Programs using means tests to identify low-income households face a trade-off between promoting access and ensuring program integrity. The authors use a comparison-district design to estimate the effects of a pilot program to improve the accuracy of the process of certifying students for free or reduced-price meals in the National School Lunch Program. This pilot program required households to …
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- Vol. 32, No. 3, June 2008. Page 273-297
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Active Parental Consent in School-Based Research: How Much Is Enough and How …
Active parental consent policies have been blamed for low participation rates and selection bias (i.e., loss of "high-risk" youths) in school-based studies. In this article, the authors describe active consent procedures that produced an overall active consent rate of 79% in a sample of more than 4,500 middle school students attending 29 schools in seven cities across the United States. Consent…
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- Vol. 32, No. 4, August 2008. Page 335-362
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Weighting Regressions by Propensity Scores
Regressions can be weighted by propensity scores in order to reduce bias. However, weighting is likely to increase random error in the estimates, and to bias the estimated standard errors downward, even when selection mechanisms are well understood. Moreover, in some cases, weighting will increase the bias in estimated causal parameters. If investigators have a good causal model, it seems bette…
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- Vol. 32, No. 4, August 2008. Page 392-409
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Using Tax Parcels to Select a Location-Based Sample: An Illustration That Exa…
Social science research is increasingly considering place when examining social programs and policies with a spatial component. A specific research challenge involving spatial policies is how to select a sample of individuals based on their geographic locations. This article illustrates the use of geographic information systems, tax parcels, and mail surveys to target residents in varied geogra…
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- Vol. 32, No. 4, August 2008. Page 315-334
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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What Respondents Really Expect From Researchers
This article addresses the issue of falling response rates in telephone surveys. To better understand and maintain respondent goodwill, concepts of psychological contract and respondent expectations are introduced and explored. Results of the qualitative study show that respondent expectations are not only socially contingent but also ego-expressive, utilitarian, pleasurable, and epistemic by n…
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- Vol. 32, No. 4, August 2008. Page 363-391
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Building Evaluation Capacity in Spain: A Case Study of Rural Development and …
The development of European Community administrative authority has greatly influenced the development of an evaluation culture among the southern and central member states of the European Union. The present case study from Spain provides an example of this diffusion through the use of an empowerment evaluation approach to build evaluation capacity within the context of rural development. The st…
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- Vol. 32, No. 5, October 2008. Page 478-506
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- 0193841X
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- Evaluation Review
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The Influence of Collaboration on Program Outcomes: The Colorado Nurse—Fami…
Though collaboration is often required in community initiatives, little evidence documents relationships between collaboration and program success. The authors contend that clarification of the construct collaboration is necessary for investigating its contribution to the success of community initiatives. After respecifying collaboration, they present a study of a multisite program that involve…
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- Vol. 32, No. 5, October 2008. Page 453-477
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- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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Having One's Cake and Eating It, Too: Combining True Experiments With Regress…
Both true experiments and regression discontinuity (RD) designs produce unbiased estimates of effects. However, true experiments are, of course, often criticized on equity grounds, whereas RD designs entail sacrifices in terms of statistical precision. In this article, a hybrid of true experiments and RD designs is considered. This hybrid entails smaller sacrifices in statistical efficiency tha…
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- Vol. 32, No. 5, October 2008. Page 415-434
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- Evaluation Review
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The Use of Self-Generated Identification Codes in Longitudinal Research
Longitudinal research designs involve data collection at multiple time points to measure change over time. Therefore, identification of the same respondents is essential at each time point so that data from the same respondents can be matched for comparison over time. Subject-generated identification codes permit an anonymous means to track respondents over multiple data collection points. This…
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- Vol. 32, No. 5, October 2008. Page 435-452
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193-841X
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- -
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- Evaluation Review
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Assessing School Effectiveness
The Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA) program measures value added in colleges and universities, by testing the ability of freshmen and seniors to think logically and write clearly. The program is popular enough that it has attracted critics. In this paper, we outline the methods used by the CLA to determine value added. We summarize the criticisms, which revolve around the question of which…
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- Vol. 32, No. 6, December 2008. Page 511-525
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193841X
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- -
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- Evaluation Review
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