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Understanding Post-Devolution Elections in Scotland and Wales in Comparative …
In this article, we explore the electoral dynamics of multi-level political systems for the case of the United Kingdom (Scotland and Wales) through a comparison with multi-level voting behaviour in Germany, Spain and Canada. The analysis suggests that sub-state elections can be `second order' in relation to state-wide elections, but that this `second orderness' is reduced when more powers are d…
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- Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2009. pp. 219-240
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Multi-Level Relations in Political Parties: A Delegation Approach
Most political parties operate on several territorial levels, but we have only limited theoretical understanding of multi-level party dynamics. This article presents a delegation framework for studying the interaction between the national leadership and regional branches in state-wide parties. Assuming a principal—agent relationship, the national leadership can obtain benefits from delegating t…
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- Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2009.pp. 137-156
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Patterns of Party Integration, Influence and Autonomy in Seven Federations
In this article, I develop three measures of party organization in multi-level systems: vertical integration, influence and autonomy. I assess these in 27 parties in Canada, Australia, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the United States and Spain and investigate how parties respond to the incentives and opportunities created by their institutional environment. Clear patterns emerge between the for…
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- Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2009.pp. 157-177
- ISBN/ISSN
- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Party Matters: Devolution and Party Politics in Britain and Spain
This article addresses the relationship between political decentralization and the organization of political parties in Great Britain and Spain, focusing on the Labour Party and the Socialist Party, respectively. It assesses two rival accounts of this relationship: Caramani's `nationalization of politics' thesis and Chhibber and Kollman's rational choice institutionalist account in their book T…
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- Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2009.pp. 179-198
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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The Saliency of Regionalization in Party Systems: A Comparative Analysis of R…
The article centres on the saliency that regional decentralization has had for British, Italian and French political parties in the past 60 years. A longitudinal analysis of the emphasis that parties have assigned to this issue in their manifestos confirms the hypothesis that certain environmental factors influence the changes of attention of parties on regionalization in their electoral discou…
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- Vol. 15, No. 2, September 2009.pp. 199-218
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Clientelism Versus Ideology: Problems of Party Development in Brazil
Although aggregate data on party competition in Brazil seem hopeful, unsettling trends appear in state-level party systems in the years of the consolidation of Brazilian democracy (the period this article examines extends through the 2002 elections), such as instability and fragmentation, which exceed the extent of problems apparent at the national level. These hamper the informational role par…
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 335-355
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Patrons Against Partisans: The Politics of Patronage in Mass Ideological Parties
Patronage is an enduring feature of contemporary politics and may well develop in modern, mass organized and ideological political parties. This article approaches patronage in an analytical way, and seeks to explore its micro-foundations and logic of development. As the case of Greece's socialist party suggests, patronage is the deliberate outcome of choices made by political actors at the sub…
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 315-334
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Measuring the Professionalization of Political Campaigning
This article develops and tests a new multidimensional index — CAMPROF — that is designed to measure and compare parties' use of professionalized campaign techniques during elections. Based on the extant literature, we identify and operationalize the essential components of this new form of campaigning to create a 30-point index that is applied to the case of the 2005 German federal election. T…
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 265-293
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Party Preferences and Economic Voting in Turkey (Now That the Crisis Is Over)
The purpose of this study is to re-examine the factors that shape party preferences in Turkey by estimating an individual vote intention function. The economic variables in the empirical model are items that can be used to test the conventional `economic voting' hypotheses, i.e. whether individuals' economic evaluations about the past or the near future affect their party choice. In an earlier …
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 377-391
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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The Rise and Fall of the Argentine Centre—Left: The Crisis of Frente Grande
This article analyses the inner workings of the Argentinian Frente Grande party at the height of its political and electoral development. It is based on the assumption that parties are not singular actors, but diverse organizations with complex internal operations. From that perspective, in order to identify the causes of both its rapid growth and current crisis, the article examines the distri…
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 357-375
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Party Strategy or Candidate Strategy: How Does the LDP Run the Right Number o…
Under the single non-transferable vote (SNTV), political parties are faced with the strategic problem of matching the number of candidates to their vote total. Running either too many or too few candidates may lose a seat that could otherwise have been won. Many studies have confirmed that Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) solved this strategic problem relatively well and ran close to the …
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- Volume 15, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 295-314
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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It's About The Benefits:Choice Environments, Ideological Proximity and Indivi…
This article approaches the question of turnout by focusing on the benefits term in the classic equation through an examination of the relationship between the quality of the choice environment, ideological proximity and participation in 28 democracies. Using data from the CSES (Comparative Study of Electoral Systems), I find that electoral contexts that feature choice-rich environments, measur…
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- Volume 15, Number 4, July 2009. pp. 435-454
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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Rethinking Factionalism: Typologies, Intra-Party Dynamics and Three Faces of …
It is time to think again about the conceptualization of factionalism in political science. Following a brief review of scholarly contributions in the field, I argue that the analytical approach based on typologies and categories of subparty groups is not very useful in explaining intra-party behaviour and the process of change because, by their nature, these are static tools. Building on previ…
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- Volume 15, Number 4, July 2009. pp. 455-485
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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Party Non-Systems: A Conceptual Innovation
This article makes a case for expansion of the conceptual framework for the classification of party universe types. In particular, it introduces the concept of `party non-systems', defined as those party universes characterized by a fundamental absence of inter-temporal continuity in the identity of the main parties. At the heart of this concept is the explicit differentiation between intra- an…
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- Volume 15, Number 4, July 2009. pp. 487-520
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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Still Talking, But Is Anyone Listening?: The Changing Face of Constituency Ca…
Constituency electioneering has become established as an important element of postmodern political campaigning, allowing parties and candidates to focus effort on targeted seats. A substantial literature has developed, showing the efficacy of such targeting: other things being equal, the harder parties’ campaign locally, the more votes they win relative to their rivals. However, on the whole, s…
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- Volume 15, Number 4, July 2009. pp. 411-434
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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‘Empty Nets’: Social Democracy and the ‘Catch-All Party Thesis’ in Ge…
The Social Democratic parties of Germany and Sweden were part of ‘third way’ movements common to such political parties during the mid-1990s. By continuing to moderate their positions and move away from their traditional bases towards the centre, they seemed to embody — a generation later — a second embracing of Kirchheimer’s ‘catch-all’ party thesis. But unlike its 1960s’ incarnation, each of …
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- Vol. 15, No. 5, September 2009.pp. 635-653
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Holding Their Own: Explaining the Persistence of Green Parties in France and …
In his seminal work, Kirchheimer (1966) argued that as larger parties transformed into catch-all parties we would see the disappearance of small parties. We know, however, that Green parties are one example of small parties that have persisted in many European party systems. In this article, I seek to explain this inconsistency. I argue that Kirchheimer did not anticipate the development and gr…
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- Vol. 15, No. 5, September 2009.pp. 615-634
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Campaigning and the Catch-All Party: The Process of Party Transformation in B…
Otto Kirchheimer’s well-known diagnosis of ‘catch-all’ partism in Western Europe rests on an implicit causal argument about the consequences of social change for political parties. This article takes up the causal story underlying Kirchheimer’s account and traces its implications for a specific, though central, party activity: campaigning. As Kirchheimer discerned, the transformation of advance…
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- Vol. 15, No. 5, September 2009.pp. 555-572
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- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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Kirchheimer Italian Style: Catch-All Parties or Catch-All Blocs
In this article, I use the Italian case to demonstrate that Kirchheimer’s catch-all thesis can be applied in various ways. Unlike parties in many European nations, Italian parties did not undergo a catch-all transformation in the post-war period. However, after the parties and party system were dramatically reformed in the 1990s, some catch-all characteristics — with clarifications — in Italy a…
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- Vol. 15, No. 5, September 2009.pp. 573-591
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1354-0688
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- Party Politics
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The Catch-All Party Revisited: Reflections of a Kirchheimer Student
This article aims to do the following: reflect upon the life, experiences, ideas and teaching of Kirchheimer from the perspective of the author, his first dissertation advisee at Columbia University and one of his last students; discuss some of his major political observations and arguments; and consider their relevance today.
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- Vol. 15, No. 5, September 2009.pp. 543-554
- ISBN/ISSN
- 13540688
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- Party Politics
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