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Political Competition as an Obstacle to Judicial Independence: Evidence From …
A large literature attributes independent courts to intense political competition. Existing theories, however, have a previously unrecognized boundary condition— they apply only to consolidated democracies. This article proposes a strategic pressure theory of judicial (in)dependence in electoral democracies, which posits that intense political competition magnifies the benefits of subservient c…
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- Vol. 43 no. 10, October 2010. 1202-1229
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
- Call Number
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Why Get Technical? Corruption and the Politics of Public Service Reform in th…
The emergence of new information and communication technologies in the 1990s offered governments opportunities to deliver public services more effectively to their citizens. Yet national and subnational authorities have employed such technologies in highly uneven ways. Drawing on a new data set of technology policy adoption by Indian states, the author argues that political calculations drive v…
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- Vol. 43 no. 10 October 2010.pp. 1230-1257
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Islam and Large-Scale Political Violence: Is There a Connection?
Are Muslims especially prone to large-scale political violence? From Montesquieu to Samuel Huntington, prominent modern analysts of politics have regarded Muslims as unusually inclined to strife. Many other observers have portrayed Islam as a peace-loving faith and Muslims as largely pacific.Yet scholars still lack much hard evidence on whether a relationship between Islam and political violenc…
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010 .pp. 1327-1362
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Obstinate and Inefficient: Why Member States Do Not Comply With European Law
This article seeks to explain cross-country variation in noncompliance with European law. Although noncompliance has not significantly increased over time, some European Union member states violate European law more frequently than others.To account for the observed variance, the authors draw on three prominent approaches widely used in the compliance literature— enforcement, management, and le…
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010.pp. 1363-1390
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Staying Alive: Genetics in the Service of the Welfare “People’s Home”
This article aims to contribute to the ongoing debate over population politics and the perceived reinvigoration of eugenic practices in “people’s home” countries. The ability of governments to subsidize genetic technologies or familial lifestyle choices also gives them the ability to choose who has access to these technologies and in so doing the ability to favor the procreation of one group ov…
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010 .pp. 1391-1414
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Whos in Charge? Presidents, Assemblies, and the Political Control of Semipres…
This article develops an account of who controls Europe’s semipresidential cabinets politically. The authors ask which actors negotiate cabinet composition and what shapes who is in charge of the cabinet—questions that have been the focus of key debates about the political consequences of this regime type since Duverger. This article proposes and tests a principal—agent account of semipresident…
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010.pp. 1415-1441
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Modernization, Islam, or Social Capital: What Explains Attitudes Toward Democ…
This article explains the determinants of individual support for democracy in 10 Muslim-majority countries. Starting with economic and cultural interpretations of modernization theory, the author advances an argument exploring cross-linkages between macro- and micro-level implications of this theory as they relate to attitudes toward democracy. The author also provides a test of two alternative…
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010.pp. 1442-1470
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Does Crime Pay? Issue Ownership, Political Opportunity, and the Populist Righ…
This article contributes to the vast literature concerning extreme right parties in Western Europe by examining the effects of crime on the electoral success of these parties. Utilizing theories of issue ownership and political opportunity, this article argues that populist right parties appeal to voters who feel a sense of physical and social insecurity because of higher levels of crime. This …
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- Vol. 43 no. 11, November 2010.pp. 1471-1498
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Inequality and Democratization: A Contractarian Approach
Scholars continue to grapple with the question of the relationship between economic development and democratization; prominent recent research has focused on the effects of economic inequality. Boix suggests that democratization is likelier when inequality is low, whereas Acemoglu and Robinson argue that democratization is likelier when inequality is at middling levels. Both assume that democra…
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- Vol. 43 no. 12, December 2010.pp. 1543-1574
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Incentives for Personal Votes and Women’s Representation in Legislatures
To explain the gender gap in legislatures, scholars have identified several socio-economic, political, and cultural factors that undermine women’s representation. One explanation focuses on electoral institutions. Proportional representation systems with higher district magnitudes have been shown to increase the percentage of women in legislatures.The authors contend that solely concentrating o…
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- Vol. 43 no. 12, December 2010.pp. 1575-1600
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Perceptions of Electoral Fairness and Voter Turnout
Previous research has established a link between turnout and the extent to which voters are faced with a “meaningful” partisan choice in elections; this study extends the logic of this argument to perceptions of the “meaningfulness” of electoral conduct. It hypothesizes that perceptions of electoral integrity are positively related to turnout. The empirical analysis to test this hypothesis is b…
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- Vol. 43 no. 12, December 2010.pp. 1601-1622
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Cities on Fire: Social Mobilization, State Policy, and Urban Insurgency
Major theories of civil war emphasize the social and military attributes of rural terrain as key causes of conflict. This focus has led scholars to ignore important urban insurgencies in the Middle East and South Asia. This article makes two arguments about the roots of urban insurgency. First, it shows that robust urban social mobilization is possible and common. This can provide a social base…
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- Vol. 43 no. 12, December 2010. pp. 1623-1649
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Citizens’ Perceptions of Government Responsiveness in Africa: Do Electoral …
How do electoral systems influence citizens’ perceptions of government responsiveness? It is well known that although majoritarian electoral systems emphasize the directness and clarity of the connection between voters and policy makers, proportional representation systems facilitate the representation of all factions in society. Although there have been a few studies of the direct influence of…
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- Vol. 43 no. 12, December 2010. pp. 1650-1674
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Gathering Time-Series Data for Evaluating Behavior-Change Campaigns in Develo…
Gathering time-series data of behaviors and psychological variables is important to understand, guide, and evaluate behavior-change campaigns and other change processes. However, repeated measurement can affect the phenomena investigated, particularly frequent face-to-face interviews, which are often the only option in developing countries. This article presents three intervention control studi…
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- Vol. 34 no. 5, October 2010.pp. 367-390
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0193841x
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation Review
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Improving the Use of Self-Generated Identification Codes
In panel studies on sensitive topics, respondent-generated identification codes are often used to link records across surveys. However, usually a substantial number of cases are lost due to the codes. These losses may cause biased estimates. Using more components and linking the codes by the Levenshtein string distance function will reduce the losses. In a simulation study and two field experim…
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- Vol. 34 no. 5, October 2010.pp. 391-418
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- 0193841x
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- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation Review
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A Learner-Focused Evaluation Strategy: Developing Medical Education through a…
This article describes and discusses a case of deliberative responsive stakeholder evaluation that was employed as a strategy to support the development of an undergraduate medical programme at a Swedish university. It focuses on received information and reflection about the process of evaluation as a dialogue for learning. By highlighting the complexity of educational work and the ex…
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- Vol. 14, No. 1, January 2008. Page 91-106
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1356-3890
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation
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Realistic Evaluation of an Illicit Drug Deterrence Programme: Analysis of a C…
This article describes an evaluation conducted in a region of northern Italy, based on the realistic evaluation approach.This case study is related to the application at regional level of national legislative measures against personal drug consumption, the so-called Article 75, through the implementation of a pilot programme. Article 75 DPR 309/90, is a `sanctions-based' intervention main…
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- Vol. 14, No. 1, January 2008. Page 9-28
- ISBN/ISSN
- 13563890
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation
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Using Programme Theory to Evaluate Complicated and Complex Aspects of Interve…
This article proposes ways to use programme theory for evaluating aspects of programmes that are complicated or complex. It argues that there are useful distinctions to be drawn between aspects that are complicated and those that are complex, and provides examples of programme theory evaluations that have usefully represented and address both of these. While complexity has been defined in…
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- Vol. 14, No.1, Page 29-48
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1356-3890
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation
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A Methodology for a Structured Survey of the Healthcare Literature related to…
This article reports on the structured literature survey methodology, which was used to identify how and at what stage users of medical devices are engaged in the medical device technology cycle, including methods and tools for evaluating device outcomes.This was not a conventional systematic review of the literature. The stated purpose of the survey is broader than synthesizing best evi…
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- Vol. 14, No. 1, January 2008. Page 49-73
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1356-3890
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation
- Call Number
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Evaluating Complex, Area-Based Initiatives in a Context of Change: The Experi…
Complex, area-based initiatives are a widely adopted policy response to problems of health inequalities and social exclusion in industrialized countries such as the UK and the US.This article explores the problems of evaluating such initiatives in a context of rapid national and local policy change by drawing on the Children's Fund, a UK government initiative that established local partne…
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- Vol. 14, No. 1, January 2008. Page 75-90
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1356-3890
- Collation
- -
- Series Title
- Evaluation
- Call Number
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