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Beyond Clientelism: Incumbent State Capture and State Formation
In choosing strategies of state capture (the extraction of private benefits by incumbent officeholders from the state), rulers choose whether to share rents with popular constituencies and whether to tolerate competition. These choices are conditioned by existing organizational endowments, the costs of buying support, and the trade-off between the cost and probability of exit from office. In tu…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 638 - 673
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Does Religion Distract the Poor?: Income and Issue Voting Around the World
This article asks whether religion undermines the negative relationship between income and left voting that is assumed in standard political economy models of democracy. Analysis of cross-country survey data reveals that this correlation disappears among religious individuals in countries that use proportional representation. This is the case in large part because there is a moral values …
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- Vol. 41. No. 4/5, Page 437-476
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Interdependence in Comparative Politics: Substance, Theory, Empirics, Substance
Interdependence is ubiquitous and often central across comparative politics. Indeed, as the authors show first, theoretically, any situation involving externalities from one unit's actions on others' implies interdependence. Positive or negative externalities induce negative or positive interdependence, which spurs competitive races or free riding, with corresponding early or late-mover a…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 742 - 780
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Measuring the Effect of "Ethnicity"
Most tests of hypotheses about the effects of "ethnicity" on outcomes use data or measures that confuse or conflate what are termed ethnic structure and ethnic practice. This article presents a conceptualization of ethnicity that makes the distinction between these concepts clear; it demonstrates how confusion between structure and practice hampers the ability to test theories; and it presents…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 515 - 563
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
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- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Toward a Unified Theory of Causality
In comparative research, analysts conceptualize causation in contrasting ways when they pursue explanation in particular cases (case-oriented research) versus large populations (population-oriented research). With case-oriented research, they understand causation in terms of necessary, sufficient, INUS, and SUIN causes. With population-oriented research, by contrast, they understand causa…
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- Vol. 41 No. 4/5 Page 412-436
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule
o survive in office, dictators need to establish power-sharing arrangements with their ruling coalitions, which are often not credible. If dictators cannot commit to not abusing their "loyal friends"—those who choose to invest in the existing autocratic institutions rather than in forming subversive coalitions— they will be in permanent danger of being overthrown, both by members of t…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 715 - 741
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Lessons from Strange Cases: Democracy, Development, and the Resource Curse in…
The work linking natural resource wealth to authoritarianism and under-development suffers from several shortcomings. In this article, the authors outline those shortcomings and address them in a new empirical setting. Using a new data set for the U.S. states spanning 73 years and case studies of Texas and Louisiana, the authors are able to more carefully examine both the diachronic nature an…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 477 - 514
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Partisan Politics, the Welfare State, and Three Worlds of Human Capital Forma…
The authors propose a synthesis of power resources theory and welfare production regime theory to explain differences in human capital formation across advanced democracies. Emphasizing the mutually reinforcing relationships between social insurance, skill formation, and spending on public education, they distinguish three distinct worlds of human capital formation: one characterized by r…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 600 - 637
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
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- Comparative Political Studies
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The Sensitive Left and the Impervious Right: Multilevel Models and the Politi…
Recent years have seen increased attention to integrating what we know about individual citizens with what we know about macro-level contexts that vary across countries. This article discusses the growing literature on how people's interpretations, opinions, and actions are shaped by variable contextual parameters and provides a novel substantive application. Using surveys conducted in 20…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 564 - 599
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- 0010-4140
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- -
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- Comparative Political STudies
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Ambition and Party Loyalty in the U.S. Senate
This article examines the role progressive ambition plays in the U.S. Senate. I analyze the effect ambition has on party loyalty in the upper chamber. The theoretical argument is that senators with ambition for higher office are more loyal to the party than their colleagues who never make a bid for higher office because of their need to appeal to the party base to secure the party's nomination.…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 449-464
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
- Series Title
- American Politics Research
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Workers' Rights in Open Economies: Global Production and Domestic Institution…
Previous large-N research suggests that globalization could have either positive or negative consequences for labor rights in developing nations. This article examines the ways in which domestic political institutions and interests conditions the effects of economic globalization. It develops several hypotheses regarding the impact of domestic factors on labor rights outcomes and uses the…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 674 - 714
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Assessing Presidential Power: Signing Statements and Veto Threats as Coordina…
Presidents have a wide array of strategies to influence legislation. One area that has seen less emphasis in the literature is the executive's unilateral ability to issue signing statements and their role in shaping policy. We develop a spatial model illustrating how the president's bargaining power with Congress can be expanded when the veto threat is coordinated with signing statements. The a…
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- Volume 37, Number. 3, May 2009. pp. 508-533
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Gender Stereotypes and Attitudes Toward Gender Balance in Government
The desire to elect more women to public office is likely to affect a range of political behaviors and may explain the relatively low levels of women's descriptive representation overall. Yet, little is known about the public's view of the ideal gender composition of government. We find that the public expresses a preference for higher levels of women's representation than the country has exper…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 409-428
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Put to the Test: Understanding Differences in Support for High-Stakes Testing
Despite the importance of high-stakes tests in education policy, relatively little is known about opinion on this issue. We examine racial and socioeconomic differences in support for high-stakes testing. Given the achievement gaps between racial minorities and Whites and between the lower and higher status, it would be reasonable to expect that those whose children are most likely to do well o…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 429-448
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
- Series Title
- American Politics Research
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Departures From the Court: The Political Landscape and Institutional Constraints
Previous findings on whether U.S. Supreme Court justices include strategic factors in their decisions to leave the Court have been mixed. We use ideological distance measures to capture the political landscape and retest the hypothesis that justices use strategic political considerations when making the decision to leave the Court. Using a Cox model of proportional hazards, we find that justice…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 486-507
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Partisan Strength and Nonpartisanship Among Asian Americans
Relatively little is known about partisan identification among immigrant-dominated ethnic groups in the United States. In this article we build on the work of Lien, Conway, and Wong (2004) to explore patterns of partisan strength and nonpartisanship among Asian Americans. We note that more than one third of Asian Americans do not identify themselves on the standard seven-point partisan identifi…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 375-408
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532673x
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- -
- Series Title
- American Politics Research
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The Role of Candidate Choice in the California Recall Election
Many have argued that the reelection and later recall of Governor Gray Davis in California serves as a perfect example of how primaries draw politics to the extremes by nominating candidates too liberal or conservative for the general electorate. Davis defeated a conservative Republican opponent in his reelection campaign, only to lose in the recall just one year later when there were no primar…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 465-485
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Bad for Business?: Entrepreneurs and Democracy in the Arab World
Why do business communities in some developing countries support democratization whereas business communities in other developing countries continue to support authoritarian rule? In an effort to answer this question, the author compares the political behavior of entrepreneurs in one region where entrepreneurs have supported democratization, Latin America, with a region where entrepreneurs have…
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- Vol. 41, No. 6, June 2008. Page 837-860
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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The Mass Media's Political Agenda-Setting Power: A Longitudinal Analysis of M…
Do mass media determine or codetermine the political agenda? Available answers on this question are mixed and contradictory. Results vary in terms of the type of political agenda under scrutiny, the kind of media taken into account, and the type of issues covered. This article enhances knowledge of the media's political agenda-setting power by addressing each of these topics, drawing on extensi…
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- Vol. 41, No. 6, Page 814-836
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Globalization, Veto Players, and Welfare Spending
This article examines the role of globalization and its interaction with domestic political institutions (veto players) in shaping welfare spending in 18 advanced industrial countries from 1960 to 2000. First, the author evaluates how integrated world markets have influenced welfare expenditures. Results suggest that globalization increased welfare spending in this sample. Second, the author st…
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- Vol. 41, No. 6, Page 783-813
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- -
- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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