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"Such Inferior Courts . . .": Compliance by Circuits with Jurisprudential Reg…
Through its rulings, the U.S. Supreme Court makes clear what the Constitution means and how best to interpret congressional statutes. But, because Supreme Court rulings do not implement themselves, the Court is dependent on compliance by lower courts to effectuate its policies. Using the concept of jurisprudential regimes developed by Richards and Kritzer in 2002 and specifically the Establishm…
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- Vol. 37, No. 1, January 2009.pp. 75-106
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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Public Schools, Religious Establishments, and the U.S. Supreme Court: An Exam…
The issue of devotional activity in the public schools has long been a staple of the U.S. Supreme Court's agenda, but knowledge of the local implementation of school prayer policy remains limited to the Court's earliest decisions. To what extent are schools presently engaged in religious activities prohibited by the Court? This study addresses this question through a survey in which recent high…
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- Vol. 37, No. 1, January 2009.pp. 50-74
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Confidence in Government and Emotional Responses to Terrorism After September…
In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, an unusually large percentage of Americans expressed high levels of confidence in the institutions charged with responding to the terrorist attacks. By the following summer, such confidence had declined significantly. This study draws on data from a panel study conducted in fall 2001 and summer 2002 to track Americans' emotional responses to terrorism and…
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- Vol. 37, No. 1, January 2009.pp. 107-128
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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After the Credits Roll: The Long-Term Effects of Educational Television on Pu…
Television has replaced the newspaper as the major source of news for most people, and thus has the potential to inform the public and influence attitudes. A growing literature has demonstrated the immediate effects of television viewing, but the ability of a particular program to have lasting effects is less clear. In this article, we report on two field experiments that provide a test of the …
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 275-300
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532673x
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- American Politics Research
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Direction Versus Proximity: Amassing Experimental Evidence
Scale limitations, endogeneity problems, and observational equivalence in observational studies render many tests of the proximity and directional models inconclusive. Fortunately, the task of designing experimental tests has proven tractable and the small, but growing, body of experimental evidence sheds new light on directional and proximity motivated behavior. The experiment described in thi…
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 227-253
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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Emotions as Moderators of Information Cue Use:Citizen Attitudes Toward Hurric…
Despite the extensive literature on the effects of party and other information cues on citizens' attitudes and behaviors, there exists little evidence and theory on how individuals balance multiple sources of information, particularly in the domain of blame attribution. Furthermore, we have a limited understanding of what individual characteristics moderate the use of such information. We desig…
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- Volume 37, Number 2, March 2009. pp. 301-326
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
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- American Politics Research
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Get-Out-The-Vote Phone Calls: Does Quality Matter?
This article reports the results of a field experiment testing the effectiveness of different quality get-out-the-vote (GOTV) nonpartisan phone calls. During the week preceding the November 2004 election, we randomly assigned registered voters in North Carolina and Missouri to one of three live phone calls with varying length and content. The scripts are (1) standard GOTV, (2) interactive GOTV,…
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 353-369
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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What Do Voters Need to Know?: Testing the Role of Cognitive Information in As…
Previous field experiments have found that indirect methods, particularly direct mail, are not effective in increasing voter turnout. Most of the mail used in these experiments provided procedural information regarding voting and a message encouraging the voter to turn out. Yet, in his review of efforts to increase voting, Berinsky (2005) concluded that it was the cognitive costs of voting—the …
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 254-274
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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Experimental Justice: Random Judicial Assignment and the Partisan Process of …
This study utilizes the random assignment of judges to panels in the U.S. courts of appeals to measure how the partisanship of these judges affects whether or not the Supreme Court agrees to hear a case and subsequently overturns the decision of the lower panel. Results from the study provide evidence of partisan behavior in the Supreme Court review process in several politically salient issue …
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 195-226
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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Does Grassroots Lobbying Work?: A Field Experiment Measuring the Effects of a…
There are few reliable estimates of the effect of grassroots lobbying on legislative behavior. The analysis in this article circumvents methodological problems that plague existing studies by randomly assigning legislators to be contacted by a grassroots e-mail lobbying campaign. The experiment was conducted in the context of a grassroots lobbying campaign through cooperation with a coalition o…
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- Vol. 37, No. 2, March 2009.pp. 327-352
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- 1532-673x
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- American Politics Research
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Beyond Clientelism: Incumbent State Capture and State Formation
In choosing strategies of state capture (the extraction of private benefits by incumbent officeholders from the state), rulers choose whether to share rents with popular constituencies and whether to tolerate competition. These choices are conditioned by existing organizational endowments, the costs of buying support, and the trade-off between the cost and probability of exit from office. In tu…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 638 - 673
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Does Religion Distract the Poor?: Income and Issue Voting Around the World
This article asks whether religion undermines the negative relationship between income and left voting that is assumed in standard political economy models of democracy. Analysis of cross-country survey data reveals that this correlation disappears among religious individuals in countries that use proportional representation. This is the case in large part because there is a moral values …
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- Vol. 41. No. 4/5, Page 437-476
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- 0010-4140
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- -
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Interdependence in Comparative Politics: Substance, Theory, Empirics, Substance
Interdependence is ubiquitous and often central across comparative politics. Indeed, as the authors show first, theoretically, any situation involving externalities from one unit's actions on others' implies interdependence. Positive or negative externalities induce negative or positive interdependence, which spurs competitive races or free riding, with corresponding early or late-mover a…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 742 - 780
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- 0010-4140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Measuring the Effect of "Ethnicity"
Most tests of hypotheses about the effects of "ethnicity" on outcomes use data or measures that confuse or conflate what are termed ethnic structure and ethnic practice. This article presents a conceptualization of ethnicity that makes the distinction between these concepts clear; it demonstrates how confusion between structure and practice hampers the ability to test theories; and it presents…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 515 - 563
- ISBN/ISSN
- 00104140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Toward a Unified Theory of Causality
In comparative research, analysts conceptualize causation in contrasting ways when they pursue explanation in particular cases (case-oriented research) versus large populations (population-oriented research). With case-oriented research, they understand causation in terms of necessary, sufficient, INUS, and SUIN causes. With population-oriented research, by contrast, they understand causa…
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- Vol. 41 No. 4/5 Page 412-436
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- 0010-4140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Credible Power-Sharing and the Longevity of Authoritarian Rule
o survive in office, dictators need to establish power-sharing arrangements with their ruling coalitions, which are often not credible. If dictators cannot commit to not abusing their "loyal friends"—those who choose to invest in the existing autocratic institutions rather than in forming subversive coalitions— they will be in permanent danger of being overthrown, both by members of t…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 715 - 741
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- 00104140
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- Comparative Political Studies
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Lessons from Strange Cases: Democracy, Development, and the Resource Curse in…
The work linking natural resource wealth to authoritarianism and under-development suffers from several shortcomings. In this article, the authors outline those shortcomings and address them in a new empirical setting. Using a new data set for the U.S. states spanning 73 years and case studies of Texas and Louisiana, the authors are able to more carefully examine both the diachronic nature an…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 477 - 514
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Series Title
- Comparative Political Studies
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Partisan Politics, the Welfare State, and Three Worlds of Human Capital Forma…
The authors propose a synthesis of power resources theory and welfare production regime theory to explain differences in human capital formation across advanced democracies. Emphasizing the mutually reinforcing relationships between social insurance, skill formation, and spending on public education, they distinguish three distinct worlds of human capital formation: one characterized by r…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 600 - 637
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- 0010-4140
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- -
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- Comparative Political Studies
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The Sensitive Left and the Impervious Right: Multilevel Models and the Politi…
Recent years have seen increased attention to integrating what we know about individual citizens with what we know about macro-level contexts that vary across countries. This article discusses the growing literature on how people's interpretations, opinions, and actions are shaped by variable contextual parameters and provides a novel substantive application. Using surveys conducted in 20…
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- Vol. 41, No. 4/5, Page 564 - 599
- ISBN/ISSN
- 0010-4140
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- Comparative Political STudies
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Ambition and Party Loyalty in the U.S. Senate
This article examines the role progressive ambition plays in the U.S. Senate. I analyze the effect ambition has on party loyalty in the upper chamber. The theoretical argument is that senators with ambition for higher office are more loyal to the party than their colleagues who never make a bid for higher office because of their need to appeal to the party base to secure the party's nomination.…
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- Volume 37, Number 3, May 2009. pp. 449-464
- ISBN/ISSN
- 1532-673x
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- -
- Series Title
- American Politics Research
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