This article explains why the significant changes in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) for the 2013–2020 phase were adopted in 2008. The combination of a more stringent EU-wide cap, allocation of emission allowances for payment, and limits on imports of credits from third countries have strengthened the system for the post-2012 period. This will promote reduction in greenhouse gases comp…
Research into rural livelihoods shows that food security will not be achieved unless women farmers are treated as economic agents in their own right. While farmers often seek to increase their influence through collective action, this avenue is only of limited use to women, since most rural organisations are male-dominated and marginalise women's voices. This article looks at the National Feder…
This article examines food security, nutrition, and women's agricultural livelihoods in Western Province, Zambia. It draws on data from field research supported by Concern Worldwide UK. The research aimed to explore links between food procurement, livelihoods and care at the household level, and recognises the role of institutions and access to assets in shaping livelihood choices by women. Wom…
In Bangladesh, Helen Keller International (HKI) is known for its homestead food production (HFP) programme, which promotes small-scale agriculture among women, specifically to improve women's and children's nutrition outcomes, including dietary diversity and knowledge of maternal self-care and infant-young child feeding practices. To achieve these aims, the programme focuses on women's empowerm…
In the future, more food will be needed to feed a growing world population. High-yielding crop varieties will play a key role in meeting this challenge. This article draws on research undertaken by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in La Frailesca in the southern Mexican state of Chiapas. Both agricultural and social processes influence women's and men's preferences for new o…
The concept of the 'nutrition transition' is widely used to explain the recent, rapid rise in overweight and obesity, and the co-existence of under- and over-nutrition, in low-income populations in 'middle-income' developing countries. This article provides an overview of the changes occurring in diets, physical activity, and nutritional status among children and adults in nutrition transition …
This article investigates the effects of development policy on gender and food security. It analyses how one policy instituted by a large-scale multi-dam development project, the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), affected women's food security in the rural highlands of Lesotho, southern Africa. This was a mitigation policy, aiming to ensure that the LHWP did not negatively impact on the p…
This article focuses on Zimbabwean women who are responding to the economic problems at home by trading food in South Africa. It explores the crops the women market, the strategies they use to access these markets, the challenges they face in South Africa, and the way they handle and resolve conflicts of various kinds which arise in the course of their activities. Ensuring household survival by…
Food availability does not always ensure equal access to all the family members. Even today the distribution of food and nutrition depends on the old age tradition and norms set by the communities. This article focuses on a project which intended to challenge these attitudes and beliefs in India.
The depth and geographical scope of the impacts of the 2007-2008 food price hikes have received wide attention, and calls have been made for urgent actions to minimise the short- and long-term negative effects on vulnerable groups, including women in farming communities. This article, based on research from farming households in Bangladesh and Ethiopia, confirms that it is gender inequality tha…
Globalisation impacts on local land markets and land-use; land transaction costs affect food prices; and the combined effect is particularly damaging to women who produce food and who put food on the table for their families. This paper examines three issues: what is attracting investors and market speculators into the farm and land sectors? What is at stake for small farmers - and especially w…
This article examines the response in Botswana to the HIV/AIDS epidemic and some overlooked but key cultural factors that inhibit effective policy implementation. Specifically, this article highlights the importance of gender and fertility as they intersect with ideas of food, fat and social aspects of health in Tswana culture. Using ethnographic methods to understand the role that gender and f…
This study simultaneously tests the influence of two resources that boundary employee units can use to improve service quality. The first is the boundary employee units’ perceptions of organizational values oriented toward creating a good service climate. The second is the boundary employees’ competences oriented to providing the service, that is, their own service behavior during service trans…
Thailand’s current partisan turmoil is paralleling growing authoritarianism and democratic decay. This article examines contemporary Thai civil-military relations, the state of armed forces unity, and potential outcomes. It argues that amid heightened political uncertainty and diminished democracy, the only surety today is an enhanced role for Thailand’s armed forces.
China’s new religious policy expands the institutional autonomy of religious organization, limits the power of religious affairs bureaus, and provides for administrative appeal, judicial challenge, and sanctioning errant officials. As such, it is an effort of the Chinese government to integrate religious policy with its systemic socioeconomic and political reforms.
This study seeks to identify the factors that caused the historic defeat of Japan’s long-dominant party in the 2009 election. Employing district-level data, I show that a large national swing occurred that the electoral coordination of opposition parties helped bring about victory.
This article highlights the way in which Chinese protestors resisting home eviction and demolition have begun to develop innovative, media-savvy tactics for winning public sympathy for their causes and farming their as unjust, and considers the political implications of this trend.
This study applies the concept of critical elections to Taiwan’s recent political history. Instead of 2008, it is argued that 2005 deserves the title of a critical election. Political developments in 2005 laid the foundations for the Kuomintang’s return to political dominance.
This article examines anti-American sentiment in South Korea by taking a closer look at the ways in which hegemonic ideas of anti-North Korea and pro-U.S. have been deconstructed. It argues that the extent to which South Koreans perceive a North Korean threat exerts a significant influence on Anti-American sentiment in South Korea.
In the past decade, the Japanese government has revamped its budget institutions twice. This paper examines how these changes have changed the configuration of power among the actors in the budget process. It also explores the implications of these changes for the management of the nations finances.