In this paper, the development of educational policy and curricula in relation to the development of a multicultural society in Iceland are critically discussed. Neither policy nor national curriculum guides refer particularly to multicultural society, multicultural or intercultural education. Implementations of equity principles are not clear in the curriculum guides. These facts leave schoolsā¦
By focusing on different subsequently implemented strategies for literacy teaching in the Norwegian primary and lower secondary schools, this paper offers a historical overview of some important aspects of learning conditions for minority children. On this basis, the paper addresses the interrelationship between different strategies of literacy teaching and integration in a more general sense.
The 2009 vote for the presidency and local councils was marred by fraud, provoking a political crisis and casting a deep shadow over upcoming parliamentary elections. The Afghan experience calls into question whether voting should occur before other essential reforms are in place.
Democratization is never easy, smooth, or linear, but as Indonesias experience in building a multiparty and multiethnic democracy shows, it can succeed even under difficult and initially unpromising conditions.
Although many Iraqi parties continue to be organized along religious or ethnic lines, both the tone and the results of the 2010 parliamentary election campaign show that most Iraqi voters prefer a broader national agenda over narrow sectarian appeals.
After almost ten years of complex and costly efforts to build democracy in these two countries, where do things stand? What lay behind the critical choices that shaped events in these places, and what are their current prospects for success?
Must every state be a nation and every nation a state? Or should we look instead to the example of countries such as India, where one state holds together a congeries of national groups and cultures in a single and wisely conceived federal republic?
The Internet, mobile phones, and other forms of liberation technology enable citizens to express opinions, mobilize protests, and expand the horizons of freedom. Autocratic governments are also learning to master these technologies, however. Ultimately, the contest between democrats and autocrats will depend not just technology, but on political organization and strategy.
Although Ukraines regional divisions are often thought to be detrimental to state-building and democratization, they have in fact been a source of strength and helped to prevent tilts to the political extremes.
For the first time since the fall of Pinochet, the Chilean right has come to power via free elections. The long-ruling center-left coalition leaves behind many achievements, but also disturbing signs of a weakened party system.
A new look at the World Values Survey data reveals how the Muslim worlds religious context affects individual Muslims attitudes toward democracy.
A Tribute to Haclav Havel, Chech playwright and former dissident, who became not only president but the symbol of the velvet revolutions.
Despite its historic 2006 elections, the Democratic Republicof Chongo still lacks competent governance, leaving its democratic promise unfulfilled.
Why do election monitors sometimes issue contradictory statements or endorse flawed elections? The answers are not always straightforward: in some case, the monitors good intentions may undermine their credibility.
We examine why a significant proportion of the policy issues passed in either the U.S. House or Senate often fail to pass in the other chamber. We hypothesize that much of this failure of the House and Senate to coordinate their agendas occurs because committee jurisdictions are not parallel across chambers. To compare House and Senate agendas, we develop a comprehensive issue-level data set coā¦
What are the primary factions within the Democratic and Republican parties, and to what extent do rival factions cooperate? We address these questions using a unique data set of information sharing between party organizations, media outlets, 527s, and interest groups. Using social network methods, we identify two major information-sharing clusters, or expanded party networks; these networks corā¦
Considerable research indicates that personal contact from political campaigns can mobilize people to vote, but little attention has been given to whether the tone of the message matters. Studies of message tone have mostly been confined to mass media campaigns and ignored the growing role grassroots techniques play in contemporary political campaigns. Two randomized field experiments were condā¦
Despite 35 years of empirical research, the question of how electoral structure influences Latino representation continues to be debated. Motivated by the uncertainty surrounding electoral systems, in this article, I argue that the inconsistent and inconclusive results of previous research stem from two limitationsone theoretical and the other methodologicalof commonly used models. In the folā¦
This article examines why Latinos are more trusting of the federal government than Anglos and Blacks. We address this puzzle by turning to previous research on racial politics and political trust. Consistent with previous research, discrimination and generational status are important predictors of Latinos political trust, with first-generation Latinos more trusting than later-generation Latinoā¦
This article demonstrates that candidate positions on the ballot measure to ban gay marriage had an effect on gubernatorial voting. With exit poll data from three states in 2006, we find that the effect of support for the ban is at least twice as large when the candidates adopted divergent positions. Support for the ban has a smaller but significant effect on vote choice when the candidate posiā¦